2022 International Photography Exhibition
2022 International Photography ExhibitionThe photographs in the 2022 International Photography Exhibition were taken overseas in 25 different countries by 35 Ohio State students, staff, faculty, visiting scholars and alumni. The exhibition features a diverse selection of images captured in Albania, Austria, Cambodia, Canada, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Ghana, Iceland, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Morocco, Myanmar, Peru, Russia, Scotland, South Africa, Spain, Tanzania, and Thailand.
The Buckeye photographers featured in the exhibition are from 10 countries including: Austria, China, Ghana, India, Italy, Russia, South Africa, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. The photographers include 11 alumni, one faculty, six graduate students, six staff and two visiting scholars and nine undergraduate students.
Jynel Casey, a staff member, earned the Best in Show award for her submission “Dirty Jobs” that she photographed in Morocco. Captured in Italy, visiting scholar Emanuele Gravante won 1st Place in the People category for his image “Community.” Undergraduate student Nathan Peachman earned 1st Place in the Places category with his entry “Kish e Thethit” captured in Theth, Albania. Staff member Kelly Hays won 1st Place in the Arts & Culture category with her photograph “To the Teahouse” taken in Kyoto, Japan.
The 40 images selected for the exhibit were entered into an online People’s Choice vote through the Office of International Affairs Facebook page and Instagram feed. More than 5,780 votes were cast and People’s Choice winners were chosen by the public in each category. Graduate student Taylor Shade won the People’s Choice award for in People for her “Little Girl in Cambodia” image, undergraduate student Peter Wandtke won the People’s Choice in the Places category for “Tatoonie” and “Dirty Jobs” by Jynel Casey was the People’s Choice selection in Arts & Culture.
Organized annually by the Office of International Affairs, the international photography competition and exhibition has showcased Ohio State’s top international photography for more than 20 years. Visit the International Photography Competition and Exhibition to view images from additional exhibitions.
A Hard Day's Work
A Hard Day's Work
"A Hard Day's Work"
Location: Mandalay, Myanmar
Date: September 2017
Photographer: Tim Mazik
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "A skilled marble artisan works alongside the road in Mandalay, working feet off the main road, carving Buddhas, all day long."
After hours
After hours
"After hours"
Location: Sukhothai, Thailand
Date: September 2021
Photographer: Kelly Becker
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: Third Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Monks relax while watching flood waters rise behind their temple."
Boatman and Sunset
Boatman and Sunset
"Boatman and Sunset"
Location: West Lake, Hangzhou, China
Date: September 2021
Photographer: Shixuan Zhao
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: China
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The photo was taken on Yanggong Causeway in West Lake, which is a famous historical spot in Hangzhou. The photo speaks for the traditional admire to brave persons adventuring across rivers and mountains in Chinese culture. I used Fujichrome Provia 100F reversal film with an SMC Pentax-M 50mm lens to take this photo and it resulted in a color resembles the feeling of vintage and Chinese paintings."
Colors in Carnaval
Colors in Carnaval
"Colors in Carnaval"
Location: Baranquilla, Colombia
Date: February 2018
Photographer: Robert Gauche
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "This photo was one of a series taken as the dancers came in wave after wave during Carnaval. Of all the photos taken this best captures the spirit and feel of the festivities."
Community
Community
"Community"
Location: Ortelle, Italy
Date: March 2005
Photographer: Emanuele Gravante
Ohio State Affiliation: Visiting Scholar
Home Country: Italy
Category: People
Award: First Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Ortelle is a small town of the southernmost part of Italy (Apulia). In this picture, an old man is trying to join a public lottery organized during an event in the main place of the small town."
Copper Canyon Mexico Basket Weaver
Copper Canyon Mexico Basket Weaver
"Copper Canyon Mexico Basket Weaver"
Location: Mexico
Date: March 2005
Photographer: John Williamson
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "On a trip to Copper Canyon Mexico, this woman was selling baskets near my hotel. I loved the colors and the child staring at me."
Dawn in the City of 100 Spires
Dawn in the City of 100 Spires
"Dawn in the City of 100 Spires"
Location: Prague, Czech Republic
Date: July 2015
Photographer: Justine Franklin @justolifranklin
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "On my last day in Prague I got up early to take a walk by myself. It was a great way to take in the city one last time and say my goodbyes. Prague remains one of my favorite cities, and that morning my favorite memory of it."
Dirty Jobs
Dirty Jobs
"Dirty Jobs"
Location: Fes, Morocco
Date: February 2013
Photographer: Jynel Casey
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Best in Show
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Make sure to grab a sprig of mint to sniff before taking in the traditional tannery in Morocco. Methods of tanning remain virtually unchanged for centuries. The strong odor comes from pigeon poop and cow urine used to break down the kids. The leather is dried and dyed to eventually become one of many beautiful Moroccan leather goods."
Edge of Adventure
Edge of Adventure
"Edge of Adventure"
Location: Island of Kalsoy, Faroe Islands, Denmark
Date: August 2022
Photographer: Steven Hirsch @dochirschphotography
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "With the Covid restrictions easing in the world, I took the opportunity to trek to the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic this summer. Known for its salmon to culinary enthusiasts its also known to photographers for extreme hiking and amazing views. The island of Kalsoy is only accessible by ferry and the hikes there are spectacular. On this cool summer evening after a 5 km hike in the mud to the top of Kalsoy the sun set at 11:30 p.m. was just incredible. The landscape is green, lush, jagged and it dangles beautifully on cliffs hundreds of feet above the ocean. This image is of a friend of mine climbing to the apex of the cliff for scale. The cliffs in the distance are the edges of each island as they hang over the ocean."
Everything must cast a shadow
Everything must cast a shadow
"Everything must cast a shadow"
Location: Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada
Date: July 2022
Photographer: Aman Sitapara
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "This photo resembles the duality of Earth and mother nature. How while there may be lush greenery, there is also the dark and jagged face. But when you look at everything from a different angle, say through a reflection, it all blends together."
Feminine Bliss
Feminine Bliss
"Feminine Bliss"
Location: Sky Lagoon, Iceland
Date: July 2022
Photographer: Alex Richards
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: 2nd Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "I had set up my phone on a rock to capture me and my friends’ happiness and bliss at what we were getting to experience."
Flying free
Flying free
"Flying free"
Location: Chamonix, France
Date: August 2018
Photographer: Marcel Hughes
Ohio State Affiliation: Visiting Scholar
Home Country: United Kingdom
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Taken during a long day of running and exploration in the high French alpine. This photo captures everything that I love about mountain running; sharing truly awe-inspiring landscapes with friends, covering large distances as efficiently as possible and most of all, being free."
Generalife at Golden Hour
Generalife at Golden Hour
"Generalife at Golden Hour"
Location: Granada, Spain
Date: January 2022
Photographer: Emma Pfister
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "This picture was taken during my first couple of weeks in Granada and my first visit to La Alhambra and Generalife. While abroad, I really enjoyed finding windows to frame the pictures I took. The lighting at this time of day was gorgeous and I loved that you can see a glimpse of La Alhambra as well as the Sierra Nevada Mountains."
Gnawa
Gnawa
"Gnawa"
Location: Merzouga, Morocco
Date: September 2022
Photographer: Kate Holland
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "In the far deserts of Morocco close to the Algerian border lies a town rich in musical heritage practiced by individuals of the Gnawa tribal tradition. The Gnawa people are not native to the region. Rather, they came to Morocco from central and western Africa due to slavery that occurred on the desert caravan routes. The Gnawa people forcibly brought to Morocco eventually gained emancipation and after a period of nomadic history, settled in an area known as Khamlia. Here you can see Gnawa men playing traditional Bambara music that harkens back to their original homeland and ancestral traditions."
Kisha e Thethit
Kisha e Thethit
"Kisha e Thethit"
Location: Theth, Albania
Date: September 2022
Photographer: Nathan Peachman @nathanpeachman
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: 1st Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "High in Accursed Mountains lies Theth National Park, located in Shkodër County, Albania. The famed Kisha e Thethit was built in 1892. A popular Albanian story recounts this church, and the people of Theth as religious outcasts who ventured deep into the Accursed Mountains to practice catholicism undisturbed. Mystery has always surrounded Albania, and stories like these drew me to the country. And deep within Albania, I was shown a truly breathtaking place."
Kyoto Train Workers
Kyoto Train Workers
"Kyoto Train Workers"
Location: Kyoto, Japan
Date: November 2016
Photographer: Brian Cruickshank @brian_cruickshank
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: 2nd Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The Kyoto Railway Museum includes lots of interesting things to see, including several antique steam trains. These steam trains require maintenance - and it's dirty work. This photograph illustrates the work these men do, often right in front of museum visitors."
Lantern
Lantern
"Lantern"
Location: Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province, China
Date: January 2019
Photographer: Anya Zhang
Ohio State Affiliation: Academy Student
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Whenever the Lunar New Year approaches, light and lantern attractions spring up from every corner, so it was absolutely necessary to visit at least one. In this photo, my sister looks up into the glow of a flower-shaped lantern, while the rest of the lanterns shine brilliantly behind her. While she was trying to see inside the chassis of the flower lantern, I noticed the vibrant mixture of lights and colors. Despite the cold of that night, the plethora of lanterns and lights gave the night a dreamy and euphoric quality. Because lanterns are such a vital part of Chinese festivals and artisan culture, whenever I look at this photo, I am reminded of China’s history of crafting and the lantern’s symbolization of the coming year."
Lingyin Temple
Lingyin Temple
"Lingyin Temple"
Location: Hangzhou, China
Date: February 2021
Photographer: Feiyang Chen
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: China
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Lingyin Temple (Temple of Inspired Seclusion) is one of the ten famous ancient Buddhist in China."
Little Girl in Cambodia
Little Girl in Cambodia
"Little Girl in Cambodia"
Location: Siem Reap, Cambodia
Date: June 2018
Photographer: Taylor Shade
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Awards: People's Choice and Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The little girl is the daughter of the female guard who worked at the temple in Siem Reap, Cambodia. While the mother was working, the little girl would run around and play. The mother looked tired and defeated, while her daughter was full of life and so happy. I loved capturing a child's pure happiness in this world."
Living Roof
Living Roof
"Living Roof"
Location: Vagar, Faroe Islands, Denmark
Date: January 2022
Photographer: Steven Hirsch
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Hundreds of years ago the Norse began putting grass on their roofs as a way of keeping the warmth in in the winter and warm the homes cool in the summer. This iconic architecture is seen throughout Scandinavia, but particularly in the Faroe Islands. Drangarnir, the collective name for the two sea stacks in the distance in this photo is an iconic location here on the island of Vagar. I combined this well known architecture with Drangarnir to complete the image."
Love who feeds you
Love who feeds you
"Flying free"
Location: Chamonix, France
Date: August 2018
Photographer: Marcel Hughes
Ohio State Affiliation: Visiting Scholar
Home Country: United Kingdom
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Taken during a long day of running and exploration in the high French alpine. This photo captures everything that I love about mountain running; sharing truly awe-inspiring landscapes with friends, covering large distances as efficiently as possible and most of all, being free."
Mani heap
Mani heap
"Mani heap"
Location: Zhari Namco, Cuoqin County, Tibet, China
Date: June 2022
Photographer: Zhengpeng Du
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: China
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Mani heap made of stones, Khata and cow skulls are used to pray for blessings and ward off evil spirits. Found nearby Zhari Namco lake."
Monterosso al Mare
Monterosso al Mare
"Monterosso al Mare"
Location: Monterosso al Mare, Italy
Date: June 2017
Photographer: Jen Heaton
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: 2nd Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "I caught this glimpse into Italian beach culture while visiting the Cinque Terre. There’s something captivating about the manicured rows of iconic striped umbrellas dotting on the idyllic Italian seaside."
Moonchild
Moonchild
"Moonchild"
Location: Grahan Village, India
Date: May 2018
Photographer: Priyanka Chowdhury
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: India
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Orange season
Orange season
"Orange season"
Location: Castelló, Spain
Date: December 2021
Photographer: Natàlia Server Benetó
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: Spain
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Oranges are a big part of Valencian culture, where I grew up. They are the typical fruit of that territory. In the fall and in the winter, at lunch or dinner, I would share oranges with my family and my friends. We would peel them for each other and we would chat about our days and the things that mattered to us. Ever since I have been living away from home, studying in the U.S., I have missed these intimate moments with my loved ones. I cannot find the same oranges here, and I cannot speak the tongue that I do with my relatives and friends. Last Christmas, as I walked around the countryside around my town, my friend and I came across a group of men who were picking oranges from the the trees. I decided to take a picture of this basket, called "cabàs", with my analog camera, to go back to this memory months later, to remember where I come from, and to remember that everything is a process - being picked up, put on the basket, transported, put on the table and becoming part of a ritual that I now miss."
Parisian Summer Bubbles
Parisian Summer Bubbles
"Parisian Summer Bubbles"
Location: Jardin des Tuileries, Paris, France (Outside the Louvre)
Date: August 2018
Photographer: Jenn Dienno
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "This was taken on a beautiful day in August in the Jardin des Tuileries. A group of children were running through huge bubbles as Parisian's strolled by on their daily commutes. It shows how beautiful a moment can be (to the kids playing with the bubbles) as well as daily life in Paris. Paris is a very meaningful place for me, it's my favorite place in the world and breathes so much magic."
Passing It On
Passing It On
"Passing It On"
Location: Puno, Peru
Date: March 2019
Photographer: Vanessa Burrowes @vanessabphotography
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: 3rd Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Celebrating the Fiesta de La Virgen de Candelaria is largely a family and community event for Puno and the surrounding Andean regions outside of the city. In addition to the festival spanning the better part of the two weeks in February, the event itself is attended and danced by multiple generations of family members who take great pride in rehearsing and building up to the days of the celebration. In between groups lining up for their time slots for the street festival, I managed to capture this small joyous moment of downtime between a grandson and his grandfather as they both prepared for their family group's debut. While the grandfather appeared to be quite excited that his grandson was able to participate and continue to practice these traditions and dances, his grandson also seemed perfectly delighted to just be there with everyone on such a celebratory day."
Porters of the Sacred Water
Porters of the Sacred Water
"Porters of the Sacred Water"
Location: Accra, Ghana
Date: July 2022
Photographer: Ishmael Konney
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: Ghana
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "To commence the celebration of the La Homowo festival, there are a series of rituals that are performed and one is the cleansing of the King's stool with the sacred water from the ancient stream that still flows. The water is put in a white pot and carried by these children. At the time of taking the picture, the children were resting as their pots were being filled with the sacred water so they carry it back to town, walking a distance of 2 miles. They used the padded leaves as head support to carry the pots. This picture is meaningful to me because I am researching on the history of the La people and also because this picture shows the children in the regular/natural state before they get into a trance once they carry the pots. The children uncontrollably get into a trance at different times because they carry the spirits in the sacred stream."
Ray of light
Ray of light
"Ray of light"
Location: Molln, Austria
Date: August 2022
Photographer: Carlos Reck @galapagensis
Ohio State Affiliation: Former Fellow
Home Country: Austria
Category: Places
Award: 3rd Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The Alps and the small towns that feed the country with its agriculture and farming."
Ready
Ready
"Ready"
Location: Inle Lake, Myanmar
Date: October 2017
Photographer: Tim Mazik
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Festival participants were anxiously awaiting the passage of the main boat to kick off a local festival. What they found instead, was our boat, as we were a few minutes ahead of the main boat (by sheer luck). Slightly disappointed but still full of energy, the group was kind enough to pose for a picture and greet us as we passed."
Reflection
Reflection
"Reflection"
Location: Shanghai, China
Date: July 2020
Photographer: Meg Zeng
Ohio State Affiliation: Undergraduate Student
Home Country: United States and China
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "I took a picture with a friend of mine and this is my first time trying portrait with colored cellophane."
Shipwreck at the Sea Caves in Pegeia, Cyprus
Shipwreck at the Sea Caves in Pegeia, Cyprus
"Shipwreck at the Sea Caves in Pegeia, Cyprus"
Location: Pegeia, Pafos, Cyprus
Date: June 2018
Photographer: Stavros Constantinou
Ohio State Affiliation: Faculty
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The Edro III flying the Sierra Leone flag left the port of Lemesos under bad weather conditions with a cargo of plasterboard for the Greek island of Rhodes on December 7, 2011. A few hours into the voyage, Edro III encountered heavy seas, struck a rock, and drifted to the sea cliffs of the Municipality of Pegeia in western Cyprus on December 8, 2011. Since then, Edro III has been resting in the turquoise waters and has become a popular destination for panoramic sunsets."
Spotted portrait
Spotted portrait
"Spotted portrait"
Location: Russia
Date: July 2021
Photographer: Sergei Raev
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: Russia
Category: People
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "There was no other option to find a private space at the beach except for the one under the towel."
Tatooine
Tatooine
"Boatman and Sunset"
Location: West Lake, Hangzhou, China
Date: September 2021
Photographer: Shixuan Zhao
Ohio State Affiliation: Graduate Student
Home Country: China
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The photo was taken on Yanggong Causeway in West Lake, which is a famous historical spot in Hangzhou. The photo speaks for the traditional admire to brave persons adventuring across rivers and mountains in Chinese culture. I used Fujichrome Provia 100F reversal film with an SMC Pentax-M 50mm lens to take this photo and it resulted in a color resembles the feeling of vintage and Chinese paintings."
The Perch of Command
The Perch of Command
"The Perch of Command"
Location: Dhankar Monastery, Lahaul & Spiti District, Himachal Pradesh, India
Date: August 2016
Photographer: Anhad Varma
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: India
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The tribal region of Spiti, in a remote corner of the high Himalayas, is home to five monasteries (gompas); each more than 1,000 years old. The extreme landscape and weather has shaped tough, yet hardy and benevolent people."
The Road to Nowhere
The Road to Nowhere
"The Road to Nowhere"
Location: Isle of Skye, Scotland, UK
Date: June 2018
Photographer: Jen Heaton @therealjenmorris
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "The serene landscape of the Isle of Skye is dramatic and otherworldly. Tiny, fluffy sheep dot the lush, grassy landscape where the road that seemingly goes to nowhere disappears into the rolling ridges that beg to be explored."
To the Teahouse
To the Teahouse
"To the Teahouse"
Location: Kyoto, Japan
Date: February 2018
Photographer: Kelly Hays
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: Arts & Culture
Award: 1st Place
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Geisha are making their way to the Ichiriki Teahouse in the Gion district in Kyoto for a party on a Saturday night. It was exciting to see so many on one evening."
Vestrahorn
Vestrahorn
"Vestrahorn"
Location: Stokknes Peninsula, Iceland
Date: March 2017
Photographer: Kelly Hays
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "Vestrahorn, meaning "West Mountain" is in south-east Iceland, and is noted for its sharp peaks against the black sand beach."
Where is the water?
Where is the water?
"Where is the water?"
Location: Cape Town, South Africa
Date: August 2017
Photographer: Kirsten Packer @mountain.wagtail
Ohio State Affiliation: Staff
Home Country: South Africa
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "In 2018, Cape Town (South Africa) almost became the first major city in the world to run out of water. The impending doom was labelled “Day Zero” by the media in an attempt to urge residents to conserve water. This photograph was taken at Theewaterskloof Dam, the city’s largest reservoir, on the 19th August 2017 when it was at 15% capacity. The low water level revealed a long-ago submerged forest. I wanted to create an “underwater” scene to juxtapose against Cape Town’s water crisis. I “painted” the foreground with a cool-light torch to give the scene a blue hue, while the night sky adds to the impression of being submerged and the tree skeletons add to the gloom. The yellow glow over the mountain is light from Cape Town."
Zebra Sunrise
Zebra Sunrise
"Zebra Sunrise"
Location: Tarangire National Park, Tanzania
Date: May 2022
Photographer: Jan Stull
Ohio State Affiliation: Alumni
Home Country: United States
Category: Places
Award: Honorable Mention
2022 International Photography Exhibition
Description: "We were on an early morning safari in the Tarangire National Park in Tanzania and as the sun was rising we passed this group of zebras and I captured the moment. This special photo displays the natural landscape with the early morning sun rising behind the tree. It captures the beauty of Africa."