%PDF-1.6
%
1 0 obj
<>
endobj
2 0 obj
<>stream
Mauro M. S. Saraiva, Alexandre L. B. Moreira Filho, Oliveiro C. Freitas Neto, Núbia M. V. Silva, Patrícia E. N. Givisiez, Wondwossen A. Gebreyes, Celso J. B. Oliveira
Off-label use of ceftiofur in one-day chicks triggers a short-term increase of ESBL-producing E. coli in the gut
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 14 0 R/Annots 15 0 R/Contents 16 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
15 0 obj
[17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R]
endobj
17 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref005)>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref006)>>
endobj
19 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref007)>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref007)>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 25 0 R>>
endobj
25 0 obj
<>
endobj
22 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 26 0 R>>
endobj
26 0 obj
<>
endobj
23 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 27 0 R>>
endobj
27 0 obj
<>
endobj
24 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 28 0 R>>
endobj
28 0 obj
<>
endobj
16 0 obj
[29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R]
endobj
29 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
277.5685 706.337 m
282.3307 706.337 l
h
f*
496.063 693.2976 m
500.8252 693.2976 l
h
f*
509.7827 211.9181 m
514.5449 211.9181 l
h
f*
318.9543 81.9213 m
323.7165 81.9213 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.118 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(Canada)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(5)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5988 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(use)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.6113 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.542 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(reported)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(related)Tj
2.9423 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(increase)Tj
-33.664 -1.3039 Td
(of)Tj
1.0147 0 Td
(the)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.4684 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 236.8062 692.7307 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CTX-M)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 262.7716 694.3748 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(gene)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(in)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.0318 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(swine)Tj
2.5002 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(cattle)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(fecal)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(samples)Tj
3.3846 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(6)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(potential)Tj
-32.6491 -1.2982 Td
(spread)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(resistant)Tj
3.5829 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0942 0 Td
(even)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(their)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(encoding)Tj
3.9345 0 Td
(plasmids)Tj
3.753 0 Td
(through)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(direct)Tj
2.5285 0 Td
(contact)Tj
3.1521 0 Td
(or)Tj
-36.2264 -1.2983 Td
(ingestion)Tj
3.9061 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(contaminated)Tj
5.7485 0 Td
(food)Tj
2.0523 0 Td
(pose)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(worrying)Tj
3.8891 0 Td
(public)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(health)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(risk.)Tj
1.9388 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7859 0 Td
(objective)Tj
3.7813 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.6725 0 Td
(study)Tj
-34.8715 -1.2982 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(experimentally)Tj
6.1624 0 Td
(investigate)Tj
4.4617 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(effects)Tj
2.727 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(administration)Tj
6.1681 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(together)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(with)Tj
-34.3556 -1.304 Td
(Marek's)Tj
3.4129 0 Td
(vaccine)Tj
3.1917 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(one-day-old)Tj
5.0967 0 Td
(chicks)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(emergence)Tj
4.541 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(extended-spectrum)Tj
7.954 0 Td
(beta-lacta-)Tj
-31.7137 -1.2982 Td
(mases)Tj
2.6192 0 Td
(\(ESBL\))Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(producing)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
4.3765 0 Td
[()-4()-3()13(\r)6(\n)2()-9()4()13(\r)18()4()]TJ
4.6262 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F9 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.3379 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(\))Tj
1.8992 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0319 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(gut.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 580.9889 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Materials)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.989 0 Td
(methods)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 563.9811 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(experimental)Tj
5.4595 0 Td
(proposal)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(submitted)Tj
4.252 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(approved)Tj
3.9741 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(Ethics)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(Committee)Tj
4.7395 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(Animal)Tj
-33.9078 -1.2982 Td
(Use)Tj
1.7404 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Federal)Tj
3.1748 0 Td
(University)Tj
4.405 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Paraiba)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(\(CEUA/UFPB\).)Tj
6.5083 0 Td
(Two)Tj
2.024 0 Td
(hundred)Tj
3.6737 0 Td
(fertile)Tj
2.5398 0 Td
(eggs)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(were)Tj
-32.7229 -1.2983 Td
(obtained)Tj
3.7303 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(commercial)Tj
4.9549 0 Td
(hatchery)Tj
3.6794 0 Td
(\(Guaraves)Tj
4.2803 0 Td
(Alimentos)Tj
4.3766 0 Td
(Ltda,)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(Guarabira,)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(PB,)Tj
1.5817 0 Td
(Brazil\),)Tj
3.1011 0 Td
(origi-)Tj
-35.3194 -1.3039 Td
(nated)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(Cobb500)Tj
3.8324 0 Td
(breeders)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(44)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(weeks)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(age.)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(They)Tj
2.2394 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(placed)Tj
2.7949 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(egg)Tj
1.5761 0 Td
(incubators)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(with)Tj
-34.9056 -1.2983 Td
(standard)Tj
3.719 0 Td
(temperature)Tj
5.1307 0 Td
(\(37.7C\))Tj
3.6056 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(humidity)Tj
3.9061 0 Td
(\(60%\))Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(conditions)Tj
4.4787 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(automatic)Tj
4.2293 0 Td
(turning)Tj
3.2485 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(each)Tj
-35.3421 -1.2982 Td
(two)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(hours.)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(After)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(hatch,)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(168)Tj
1.6498 0 Td
(chicks)Tj
2.7155 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(weighed)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(individually)Tj
4.989 0 Td
(\(mean)Tj
2.7836 0 Td
(weight)Tj
-30.8634 -1.3039 Td
(47.0)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.8708 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
0.788 0 Td
(0.5g\))Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(completely)Tj
4.5807 0 Td
(randomized)Tj
5.0627 0 Td
(design)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(treatments)Tj
4.4957 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(six)Tj
1.3152 0 Td
(repeti-)Tj
-34.0438 -1.2983 Td
(tions,)Tj
2.4264 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(per)Tj
1.5363 0 Td
(repetition.)Tj
4.3654 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(chicks)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(boxes)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(\(50)Tj
1.5137 0 Td
(x)Tj
0.686 0 Td
(50)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(x)Tj
0.686 0 Td
(50)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(cm\).)Tj
2.024 0 Td
(Each)Tj
-34.9793 -1.2983 Td
(box)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(equipped)Tj
3.9288 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(feeder)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(drinker)Tj
3.2258 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(covered)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(nylon)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(avoid)Tj
2.4094 0 Td
(contamination)Tj
-31.6911 -1.2982 Td
(between)Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(boxes)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1848 0 Td
(vectors)Tj
3.0558 0 Td
(such)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(flies.)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(Thermo-hygrometers)Tj
8.8553 0 Td
(\(Oregon)Tj
3.6227 0 Td
(Scientific,)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(Portland,)Tj
-31.9632 -1.304 Td
(EUA\))Tj
2.5511 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(monitor)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(temperature)Tj
5.1307 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(relative)Tj
3.1408 0 Td
(humidity)Tj
3.9118 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(room.)Tj
-26.5094 -1.2982 Td
(A)Tj
0.907 0 Td
(corn-soybean)Tj
5.658 0 Td
(meal)Tj
2.1429 0 Td
(diet)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(formulated)Tj
4.6601 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(initial)Tj
2.5512 0 Td
(phase)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(levels:)Tj
-33.3352 -1.2983 Td
(22.2%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(crude)Tj
2.4888 0 Td
(protein,)Tj
3.3789 0 Td
(2,950)Tj
2.3527 0 Td
(kcal)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(metabolizable)Tj
5.743 0 Td
(energy/kg)Tj
4.2009 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(diet,)Tj
1.9616 0 Td
(1.31%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(digestible)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(lysine,)Tj
-33.2388 -1.3039 Td
(0.94%)Tj
2.6305 0 Td
(digestible)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(methionine)Tj
4.8529 0 Td
(+)Tj
0.7993 0 Td
(cystine)Tj
2.9991 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(0.852%)Tj
3.1067 0 Td
(digestible)Tj
4.0025 0 Td
(threonine.)Tj
4.3597 0 Td
(Animals)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(control)Tj
-34.5711 -1.2983 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(\(CG\))Tj
2.279 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(administered)Tj
5.4936 0 Td
(0.2)Tj
1.3946 0 Td
(mL)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Marek's)Tj
3.4129 0 Td
(vaccine)Tj
3.1975 0 Td
(suspended)Tj
4.439 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(sterile)Tj
2.6136 0 Td
(saline)Tj
2.5001 0 Td
(solution)Tj
-33.681 -1.2982 Td
(subcutaneously,)Tj
6.5933 0 Td
(whereas)Tj
3.4412 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(antimicrobial-administered)Tj
11.2308 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(\(AG\))Tj
2.3017 0 Td
(received)Tj
-33.4826 -1.3039 Td
(0.2)Tj
1.3946 0 Td
(mL)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Marek's)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(vaccine)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(suspended)Tj
4.439 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(sterile)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(solution)Tj
3.481 0 Td
(\(0.2)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(mg)Tj
1.5081 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.6113 0 Td
(sodium\).)Tj
-31.436 -1.2983 Td
(Cloacal)Tj
3.1747 0 Td
(swabs)Tj
2.5682 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(randomly)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(collected)Tj
3.736 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2111 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(per)Tj
1.5363 0 Td
(repetition)Tj
4.1386 0 Td
(before)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(vaccination)Tj
-32.5925 -1.2983 Td
(\(day)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(0\))Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9525 0 Td
(3,)Tj
0.9241 0 Td
(5,)Tj
0.9184 0 Td
(7,)Tj
0.9241 0 Td
(9,)Tj
0.9184 0 Td
(11)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(days)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(post-hatching.)Tj
5.9697 0 Td
(After)Tj
2.2847 0 Td
(swab)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(collection)Tj
4.1103 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(were)Tj
-34.8205 -1.2982 Td
(euthanized.)Tj
4.8358 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(swabs)Tj
2.5681 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(placed)Tj
2.795 0 Td
(into)Tj
1.8425 0 Td
(Luria-Bertani)Tj
5.6296 0 Td
(broth)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(\(Himedia,)Tj
4.2916 0 Td
(India\))Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(supplemented)Tj
-30.9711 -1.304 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(\(2mg/L\))Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(incubated)Tj
4.1783 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(37C)Tj
2.228 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(24)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(h.)Tj
0.9752 0 Td
(Then,)Tj
2.5511 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(20)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(L)Tj
2.2166 0 Td
(aliquot)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(spread)Tj
2.8516 0 Td
(onto)Tj
-34.7411 -1.2982 Td
(MacConkey)Tj
5.0626 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(\(Acumedia,)Tj
4.8926 0 Td
(EUA\))Tj
2.5455 0 Td
(supplemented)Tj
5.8563 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(\(2mg/L\))Tj
3.5262 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(incubated)Tj
4.1782 0 Td
(at)Tj
-35.5802 -1.2983 Td
(37C)Tj
2.228 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(24)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(h.)Tj
0.9694 0 Td
(Lactose)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(fermenting)Tj
4.6715 0 Td
(colonies)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(\(four)Tj
2.2564 0 Td
(per)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(plate\))Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(showing)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(characteristics)Tj
5.9017 0 Td
(of)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
-34.8999 -1.3039 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(transferred)Tj
4.6374 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(Eosin)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(Methylene)Tj
4.4617 0 Td
(Blue)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(\(EMB\))Tj
2.9424 0 Td
(\(Himedia,)Tj
4.2916 0 Td
(India\))Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(further)Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(con-)Tj
-33.5563 -1.2983 Td
(firmed)Tj
2.9139 0 Td
(as)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.0148 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(biochemical)Tj
5.0684 0 Td
(tests:)Tj
2.1883 0 Td
(Triple)Tj
2.6532 0 Td
(Sugar)Tj
2.4945 0 Td
(Iron)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(\(TSI\))Tj
2.3301 0 Td
(\(Himedia,)Tj
-32.0086 -1.2982 Td
(India\),)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(Lysine)Tj
2.812 0 Td
(Iron)Tj
1.9842 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(\(LIA\))Tj
2.4605 0 Td
(\(Himedia,)Tj
4.2972 0 Td
(India\),)Tj
2.9027 0 Td
(Sulfide)Tj
2.9707 0 Td
(Indole)Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(Motility)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(\(SIM\))Tj
2.6135 0 Td
(\(Acumedia,)Tj
-31.3849 -1.304 Td
(EUA\),)Tj
2.7722 0 Td
(Simmons)Tj
4.0195 0 Td
(Citrate)Tj
2.9764 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(\(Oxoid,)Tj
3.2995 0 Td
(UK\))Tj
1.9672 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Urea)Tj
2.1884 0 Td
(Agar)Tj
2.1713 0 Td
(Base)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(\(Oxoid,)Tj
3.2996 0 Td
(UK\).)Tj
-27.4222 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(Clinical)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(Laboratory)Tj
4.6431 0 Td
(Standards)Tj
4.1953 0 Td
(Institute)Tj
3.5829 0 Td
(\(CLSI\))Tj
2.9197 0 Td
(disk)Tj
1.8709 0 Td
(diffusion)Tj
3.804 0 Td
(method)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.3776 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0637 0 Td
(to)Tj
-35.773 -1.2983 Td
(test)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.5987 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.8878 0 Td
(confirmed)Tj
4.3937 0 Td
(colonies)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(antimicrobial)Tj
5.6069 0 Td
(susceptibility)Tj
5.4425 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9798 0 Td
(drugs:)Tj
2.6986 0 Td
(amoxi-)Tj
-33.9928 -1.3039 Td
(cillin/clavulanate)Tj
7.0185 0 Td
(\(Amx/Clv,)Tj
4.4504 0 Td
(20/10)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
2.4491 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon,)Tj
3.0104 0 Td
(S)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(o)Tj
1.6384 0 Td
(Paulo,)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(Brazil\),)Tj
3.0954 0 Td
(aztreonam)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(\(ATM,)Tj
2.9764 0 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1678 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
-34.4123 -1.2983 Td
(Cecon\))Tj
3.1237 0 Td
(cefotaxime)Tj
4.5694 0 Td
(\(CTX,)Tj
2.7156 0 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1679 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(ceftazidime)Tj
4.8075 0 Td
(\(CAZ,)Tj
2.7326 0 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1736 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(ceftriaxone)Tj
4.6715 0 Td
(\(CRO,)Tj
-34.4974 -1.2982 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1678 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(ciprofloxacin)Tj
5.4822 0 Td
(\(CIP,)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(5)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
0.6973 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(chloramphenicol)Tj
7.0129 0 Td
(\(C,)Tj
1.4457 0 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1735 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(gentami-)Tj
-33.6356 -1.2983 Td
(cin)Tj
1.4569 0 Td
(\(GM,)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(10)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1735 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\),)Tj
3.3506 0 Td
(sulfisoxazole)Tj
5.2667 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.5499 0 Td
(trimethoprim)Tj
5.709 0 Td
(\(SXT,)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(23.75)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.55 0 Td
(1.25)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.8765 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\))Tj
3.1238 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(tetra-)Tj
-34.8829 -1.3039 Td
(cycline)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(\(Te,)Tj
1.8198 0 Td
(30)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1735 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g,)Tj
1.4173 0 Td
(Cecon\).)Tj
-6.2191 -1.2983 Td
(From)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(plate,)Tj
2.3641 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1451 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(showing)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(patterns)Tj
3.4752 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(taken)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(further)Tj
-33.0744 -1.2982 Td
(confirmation,)Tj
5.7259 0 Td
(therefore,)Tj
4.0762 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(some)Tj
2.33 0 Td
(cases)Tj
2.2224 0 Td
(more)Tj
2.3414 0 Td
(than)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(one)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(isolate)Tj
2.7552 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(recovered)Tj
4.1442 0 Td
(per)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(sample)Tj
3.0217 0 Td
(\(bird\).)Tj
-34.6164 -1.304 Td
(We)Tj
1.61 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7632 0 Td
(determined)Tj
4.8528 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(minimum)Tj
4.2916 0 Td
(inhibitory)Tj
4.2349 0 Td
(concentration)Tj
5.8224 0 Td
(\(MIC\))Tj
2.7949 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
3.6113 0 Td
(\(CTF\))Tj
2.7043 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.3478 -1.2982 Td
(broth)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(microdilution)Tj
5.7939 0 Td
(method)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.372 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(96-well)Tj
3.1237 0 Td
(microtiter)Tj
4.2633 0 Td
(plates)Tj
2.5002 0 Td
(containing)Tj
4.5297 0 Td
(final)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 367.5401 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Ceftiofur)Tj
3.9331 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9779 0 Td
(one-day)Tj
3.7701 0 Td
(chicks)Tj
2.9552 0 Td
(increases)Tj
4.422 0 Td
(ESBL-pr)Tj
3.7205 0 Td
(oducing)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
3.6568 0 Td
(E)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.1551 0 Td
(coli)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.02031)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(58)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(September)Tj
5.0386 0 Td
(11,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(2018)Tj
32.8255 0 Td
(2)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.496 0 Td
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1 j
1 J
0 w
99.8362 707.6409 m
173.8205 707.6409 l
h
f*
36 696.6425 m
64.4031 696.6425 l
h
f*
93.4299 674.6457 m
151.8236 674.6457 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 708.7181 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.025 Tc
0 0 Td
(Developmen)Tj
4.6417 0 Td
(t)Tj
0.4748 0 Td
(\(CNPq:)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
2.863 0 Td
(http://cnp)Tj
3.5575 0 Td
(q.br/in-englis)Tj
4.8828 0 Td
(h-)Tj
-16.4198 -1.3748 Td
(summary)Tj
0 g
(\))Tj
4.0819 0 Td
(\(CJBO\))Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.5875 0 Td
(Institute)Tj
3.2244 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9496 0 Td
(International)Tj
-14.3221 -1.3748 Td
(Education)Tj
3.8764 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.4748 0 Td
(Global)Tj
2.5653 0 Td
(Innovatio)Tj
3.4371 0 Td
(n)Tj
0.6945 0 Td
(Initiative)Tj
3.3024 0 Td
(/)Tj
0.4748 0 Td
(S-ECAGD-)Tj
-14.8253 -1.3748 Td
(13-CA)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(149)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(DT)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(\(IIE:)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7362 0 Td
(https://www.ii)Tj
5.145 0 Td
(e.org/)Tj
0 g
(\))Tj
2.6858 0 Td
(\(WAG\).)Tj
-15.0095 -1.3748 Td
(The)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(project)Tj
2.7638 0 Td
(has)Tj
1.5378 0 Td
(been)Tj
2.0126 0 Td
(conceptu)Tj
3.4087 0 Td
(alized,)Tj
2.5087 0 Td
(written)Tj
2.7638 0 Td
(and)Tj
-16.5828 -1.3748 Td
(submitted)Tj
3.9401 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.615 0 Td
(CJBO)Tj
2.2819 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(PENG)Tj
2.3953 0 Td
(time)Tj
1.8426 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.063 0 Td
(visiting)Tj
-15.7253 -1.3748 Td
(scholars)Tj
3.3519 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9001 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.3677 0 Td
(Department)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9497 0 Td
(Animal)Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(Science)Tj
3.0969 0 Td
(of)Tj
-17.0363 -1.3748 Td
(The)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(University)Tj
3.9189 0 Td
(of)Tj
0.9496 0 Td
(Illinois)Tj
2.615 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.8929 0 Td
(Urbana-Ch)Tj
3.9898 0 Td
(ampaign)Tj
-13.9536 -1.3749 Td
(under)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(senior)Tj
2.5087 0 Td
(fellowship)Tj
3.9614 0 Td
(grants)Tj
2.5725 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.0055 0 Td
(CAPES)Tj
2.7993 0 Td
(\(BEX)Tj
-16.2143 -1.3748 Td
(1910/14-0)Tj
4.096 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.5875 0 Td
(BEX)Tj
1.7433 0 Td
(1853/14-7,)Tj
4.3228 0 Td
(respective)Tj
3.756 0 Td
(ly\).)Tj
/F10 1 Tf
-15.5056 -2.126 Td
(Competing)Tj
4.3795 0 Td
(interests)Tj
3.3307 0 Td
(:)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.4819 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.5875 0 Td
(authors)Tj
3.0401 0 Td
(have)Tj
1.963 0 Td
(declared)Tj
-14.7827 -1.3748 Td
(that)Tj
1.6228 0 Td
(no)Tj
1.1693 0 Td
(competing)Tj
4.1599 0 Td
(interests)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
30 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
31 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
32 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
33 0 obj
<>stream
BT
10.3394 -15.8741 Td
(exist.)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
34 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 14 0 R/Annots 36 0 R/Contents 37 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
36 0 obj
[38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R]
endobj
38 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref007)>>
endobj
39 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref007)>>
endobj
40 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref008)>>
endobj
41 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref011)>>
endobj
42 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref012)>>
endobj
43 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref013)>>
endobj
44 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.s001)>>
endobj
45 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.s002)>>
endobj
46 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref014)>>
endobj
47 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref015)>>
endobj
48 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 55 0 R>>
endobj
55 0 obj
<>
endobj
49 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref001)>>
endobj
50 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref016)>>
endobj
51 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.t001)>>
endobj
52 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.s004)>>
endobj
53 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/Dest(Rpone.0203158.ref017)>>
endobj
54 0 obj
<>/Border[0 0 0]/A 56 0 R>>
endobj
56 0 obj
<>
endobj
37 0 obj
[57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R]
endobj
57 0 obj
<>stream
q
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
443.3386 706.337 m
448.1008 706.337 l
h
f*
525.8835 667.3323 m
530.6457 667.3323 l
h
f*
203.4142 615.3449 m
208.1764 615.3449 l
h
f*
213.3354 615.3449 m
222.8598 615.3449 l
h
f*
254.0409 602.3055 m
263.5654 602.3055 l
h
f*
380.2394 563.3008 m
389.7638 563.3008 l
h
f*
316.0063 420.3213 m
345.7701 420.3213 l
h
f*
365.2157 420.3213 m
399.1181 420.3213 l
h
f*
339.5339 407.3386 m
349.0016 407.3386 l
h
f*
477.978 342.3118 m
487.4457 342.3118 l
h
f*
292.0252 329.3291 m
520.7811 329.3291 l
h
f*
259.5969 185.8961 m
264.3024 185.8961 l
h
f*
308.9197 185.8961 m
318.4441 185.8961 l
h
f*
203.4142 159.9307 m
232.5543 159.9307 l
h
f*
363.685 146.948 m
397.6441 146.948 l
h
f*
236.6929 107.9433 m
246.2173 107.9433 l
h
f*
0 g
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 707.4141 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(concentrations)Tj
6.1794 0 Td
(ranging)Tj
3.3222 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(0.5)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.3946 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g/mL)Tj
2.88 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(256)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.6441 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g/mL.)Tj
3.1068 0 Td
(CLSI)Tj
2.2393 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.372 0 Td
(criteria)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(interpret)Tj
-33.6527 -1.3039 Td
(MIC)Tj
2.1146 0 Td
(results)Tj
2.8119 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(susceptible)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(\(MIC)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
2.4548 0 Td
()Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
(2)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(mg/L\),)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(intermediate)Tj
5.3234 0 Td
(\(4)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(mg/L\),)Tj
2.9367 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(resistant)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
()Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
(8)Tj
1.8028 0 Td
(mg/L\).)Tj
-31.9632 -1.2982 Td
(Phenotypic)Tj
4.7508 0 Td
(ESBL)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(detection)Tj
3.9401 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5534 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(double-disk)Tj
4.9606 0 Td
(synergy)Tj
3.2995 0 Td
(test)Tj
1.5987 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(CTX,)Tj
2.3697 0 Td
(CAZ)Tj
-34.3613 -1.2983 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(CRO)Tj
2.2507 0 Td
(disks)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(placed)Tj
2.7949 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(distance)Tj
3.5036 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(20)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(mm)Tj
1.8595 0 Td
(concentrically)Tj
5.8393 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(Amx/Clv)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(disk)Tj
1.8709 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(7)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.6044 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
-34.8432 -1.2983 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.118 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(tested)Tj
2.5512 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(PCR)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(targeting)Tj
3.7871 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(ESBL)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(genes)Tj
2.4434 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F9 1 Tf
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 444.3023 653.7259 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CTX-M)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 468.0566 655.4267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.4422 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 484.4409 653.7259 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CTX-M-1)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 514.3748 655.4267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.4422 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 530.8157 653.7259 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CTX-M-2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 560.6929 655.4267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
-36.0678 -1.3039 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 211.9748 640.7433 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CTX-M-8)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 244.0629 642.3874 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 273.3732 640.7433 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(SHV)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 287.8866 642.3874 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(\))Tj
0.5555 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(well)Tj
1.8199 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(plasmid-mediated)Tj
7.4664 0 Td
(AmpC)Tj
2.9026 0 Td
(genes)Tj
2.4435 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F9 1 Tf
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 475.4267 640.7433 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(ACC)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 490.507 642.3874 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.4422 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 506.948 640.7433 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(CMY-2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 529.4551 642.3874 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.4478 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 545.896 640.7433 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(DHA)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 562.2803 642.3874 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
-36.2265 -1.2982 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 211.9748 627.7606 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(FOX)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 226.3748 629.4047 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.4478 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 242.8157 627.7606 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(MOX)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 262.2047 629.4047 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(and)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.7291 0 Td
[()10()4()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 291.4582 627.7606 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(MIR)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 305.348 629.4047 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(\),)Tj
0.7823 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(primer)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(sequences)Tj
4.2236 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(conditions)Tj
4.4731 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(previously)Tj
4.354 0 Td
(described)Tj
-32.4904 -1.2982 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(8)Tj
0 g
()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(11)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(DNA)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(extracted)Tj
3.8833 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(phenol/chloroform/isoamyl-alcoho)Tj
14.0824 0 Td
(l)Tj
0.4649 0 Td
(\(25:24:1\))Tj
3.7304 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(described)Tj
4.0535 0 Td
(by)Tj
-35.3647 -1.3039 Td
(Fritsch)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(et)Tj
0.9468 0 Td
(al.)Tj
1.1225 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(12)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(Afterwards,)Tj
4.8924 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(DNA)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(extracted)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.211 0 Td
(confirmed)Tj
4.3937 0 Td
(ESBL-producing)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
6.8882 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9977 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(was)Tj
-35.8069 -1.2983 Td
(adjusted)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(50)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(ng/)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.5647 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(L)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(microvolume)Tj
5.5842 0 Td
(spectrometer)Tj
5.4595 0 Td
(\(Colibri,)Tj
3.617 0 Td
(Titertek)Tj
3.4072 0 Td
(Berthold,)Tj
3.9288 0 Td
(Ger-)Tj
-33.6412 -1.2983 Td
(many\))Tj
2.8176 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Enterobacterial)Tj
6.3438 0 Td
(Repetitive)Tj
4.2123 0 Td
(Intergenic)Tj
4.3313 0 Td
(Consensus)Tj
4.5184 0 Td
(PCR)Tj
2.0693 0 Td
(\(ERIC-PCR\))Tj
5.2837 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(as)Tj
-35.0642 -1.3039 Td
(genotyping)Tj
4.7168 0 Td
(method,)Tj
3.5489 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(previously)Tj
4.3483 0 Td
(described)Tj
4.0535 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(13)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0749 0 Td
(Shortly,)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(reactions)Tj
3.8551 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(25)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.1736 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(L)Tj
-35.7389 -1.2982 Td
(containing)Tj
4.524 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6974 0 Td
(pmol)Tj
2.313 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(primer,)Tj
3.2144 0 Td
(200)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(mM)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(dNTP,)Tj
2.88 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(mM)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(MgCl)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 471.7417 549.7511 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 475.3133 551.3952 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
0.4478 0 Td
(100)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(ng)Tj
1.2359 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(genomic)Tj
-31.8725 -1.2982 Td
(DNA,)Tj
2.6022 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(1U)Tj
1.4343 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(Taq)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(DNA)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(polymerase)Tj
4.7792 0 Td
(\(Invitrogen,)Tj
5.0116 0 Td
(Brazil\).)Tj
3.0954 0 Td
(Amplification)Tj
5.7882 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(a)Tj
-36.8048 -1.3039 Td
(thermal)Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(cycler)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(\(TPersonal)Tj
4.6205 0 Td
(Thermocycler,)Tj
6.0491 0 Td
(Biometra,)Tj
4.1499 0 Td
(Germany\).)Tj
4.5524 0 Td
(Products)Tj
3.7926 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(analyzed)Tj
3.6963 0 Td
(by)Tj
-34.8885 -1.2983 Td
(electrophoresis)Tj
6.2476 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(2%)Tj
1.4514 0 Td
(agarose)Tj
3.2144 0 Td
(gel)Tj
1.355 0 Td
(\(LGC)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(Biotechnology,)Tj
6.2021 0 Td
(Brazil\))Tj
2.8687 0 Td
(stained)Tj
3.0839 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(GelRed)Tj
3.1805 0 Td
(\(Biotium,)Tj
-33.1141 -1.2983 Td
(USA\).)Tj
2.6816 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(presence)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(or)Tj
1.0998 0 Td
(absence)Tj
3.3392 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(bands)Tj
2.5966 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(analyzed)Tj
3.7021 0 Td
(visually)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(under)Tj
2.6191 0 Td
(ultraviolet)Tj
4.2972 0 Td
(light.)Tj
-31.7534 -1.2982 Td
(ERIC-PCR)Tj
4.6091 0 Td
(band)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(patterns)Tj
3.4753 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(scanned)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(analyzed)Tj
3.702 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Dice)Tj
2.0693 0 Td
(product)Tj
3.3958 0 Td
(moment)Tj
3.6339 0 Td
(correla-)Tj
-34.3159 -1.3039 Td
(tion)Tj
1.8426 0 Td
(coefficient)Tj
4.3766 0 Td
(\(2%)Tj
1.7915 0 Td
(tolerance\))Tj
4.2349 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(BioNumerics)Tj
5.4992 0 Td
(software)Tj
3.5886 0 Td
(\(Version)Tj
3.7361 0 Td
(7.1,)Tj
1.6213 0 Td
(Applied)Tj
3.4015 0 Td
(Maths,)Tj
2.9594 0 Td
(Bel-)Tj
-34.2366 -1.2983 Td
(gium\).)Tj
2.863 0 Td
(Clustering)Tj
4.3937 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6952 0 Td
(carried)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(out)Tj
1.5533 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(unweighted)Tj
4.9152 0 Td
(pair)Tj
1.8085 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(method)Tj
3.3221 0 Td
(with)Tj
-32.1786 -1.2983 Td
(arithmetic)Tj
4.3484 0 Td
(averages)Tj
3.5886 0 Td
(\(UPGMA\).)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
4.7112 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9977 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(ATCC)Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(25922)Tj
2.5965 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(internal)Tj
3.3618 0 Td
(control)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(\(outgroup\).)Tj
-31.8952 -1.3039 Td
(Details)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(DNA)Tj
2.3754 0 Td
(extraction)Tj
4.2576 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(PCR)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(protocols)Tj
3.9572 0 Td
(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0636 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(this)Tj
1.678 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3868 0 Td
(are)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(described)Tj
4.0535 0 Td
(in)Tj
-36.68 -1.2983 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(Supplementary)Tj
6.2758 0 Td
(material)Tj
3.515 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(S1)Tj
1.5137 0 Td
(Text)Tj
0 g
2.0182 0 Td
(and)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
1.7292 0 Td
(S1)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(Table)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(The)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(discriminatory)Tj
6.1397 0 Td
(power)Tj
2.727 0 Td
(\(D-value\))Tj
4.0705 0 Td
(was)Tj
-35.4158 -1.2982 Td
(calculated)Tj
4.201 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(described)Tj
4.0535 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1849 0 Td
(Hunter)Tj
3.1577 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(14)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
-12.4156 -1.3039 Td
(Fisher's)Tj
3.2768 0 Td
(exact)Tj
2.262 0 Td
(test)Tj
1.6044 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9525 0 Td
(5%)Tj
1.4513 0 Td
(probability)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.058 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(compare)Tj
3.7134 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(overall)Tj
2.9025 0 Td
(frequency)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(pheno-)Tj
-33.4145 -1.2983 Td
(typic)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(ESBL-)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
3.5093 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.118 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(control)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(\(CG\))Tj
2.2791 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(antimicrobial-administered)Tj
11.2307 0 Td
(group)Tj
-34.8659 -1.2983 Td
(\(AG\).)Tj
2.5229 0 Td
(A)Tj
0.907 0 Td
(Bayesian)Tj
3.7191 0 Td
(binomial)Tj
3.8154 0 Td
(logistic)Tj
3.0557 0 Td
(regression)Tj
4.32 0 Td
(\(BLR\))Tj
2.6419 0 Td
(approach)Tj
3.9514 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
(8,000)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(repetitions)Tj
4.507 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.6951 0 Td
(used)Tj
-35.4781 -1.2982 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(infer)Tj
2.1146 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(probability)Tj
4.5921 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(ESBL)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(occurrence)Tj
4.6658 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.5263 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(treatment)Tj
4.1385 0 Td
(groups)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(along)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(experi-)Tj
-34.7355 -1.3039 Td
(mental)Tj
2.9877 0 Td
(period.)Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(Statistical)Tj
4.0252 0 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4809 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(performed)Tj
4.4731 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(R)Tj
0.8447 0 Td
(environment)Tj
5.4311 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(15)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8481 0 Td
(using)Tj
2.3925 0 Td
(brms)Tj
2.279 0 Td
(package)Tj
-33.9758 -1.2983 Td
(obtained)Tj
3.7304 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(CRAN)Tj
2.9253 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(https://cran.r-project)Tj
8.7533 0 Td
(.org/web/packages/brms/inde)Tj
11.8827 0 Td
(x.html)Tj
0 g
(\))Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 294.9732 cm
BT
/F3 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(Results)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.989 0 Td
(discussion)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 278.022 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(A)Tj
0.9014 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(57)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(ceftiofur-resistant)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
7.3304 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.118 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(obtained)Tj
3.7304 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(confirmed)Tj
4.3994 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(means)Tj
2.8062 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
-35.0756 -1.3039 Td
(disk-diffusion)Tj
5.8053 0 Td
(method.)Tj
3.5489 0 Td
(Out)Tj
1.7915 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(them,)Tj
2.5172 0 Td
(52)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(\(91.2%\))Tj
3.3109 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(recovered)Tj
4.1499 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(AG)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
(group)Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(days)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(5)Tj
-36.3626 -1.2982 Td
(\(10;)Tj
1.7347 0 Td
(17.5%\),)Tj
3.1975 0 Td
(7)Tj
0.6917 0 Td
(\(12;)Tj
1.7404 0 Td
(21.1%\),)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(9)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(\(9;)Tj
1.2586 0 Td
(15.8%\),)Tj
3.1975 0 Td
(11)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(\(7;)Tj
1.2643 0 Td
(12.3%\),)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(14)Tj
1.1678 0 Td
(\(19;)Tj
1.7405 0 Td
(33.3%\).)Tj
3.1918 0 Td
(Five)Tj
1.8935 0 Td
(\(8.8%\))Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(ceftio-)Tj
-33.8964 -1.2983 Td
(fur-resistant)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
5.1193 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(cultured)Tj
3.566 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(CG)Tj
1.5988 0 Td
(birds;)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(all)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.211 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(last)Tj
1.559 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
3.8778 0 Td
(day)Tj
1.6384 0 Td
(\(14)Tj
1.508 0 Td
(days\).)Tj
-31.8555 -1.3039 Td
(According)Tj
4.439 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(antimicrobial)Tj
5.6125 0 Td
(susceptibility)Tj
5.4425 0 Td
(test,)Tj
1.8255 0 Td
(high)Tj
2.0069 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(rates)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(observed)Tj
3.7927 0 Td
(for)Tj
-35.172 -1.2983 Td
(CTX)Tj
2.1429 0 Td
(\(100%\),)Tj
3.3109 0 Td
(Te)Tj
1.2529 0 Td
(\(100%\),)Tj
3.3108 0 Td
(CRO)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(\(94.7%\),)Tj
3.5377 0 Td
(STX)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(\(54.4%\),)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(ATM)Tj
2.4037 0 Td
(\(42.1%\))Tj
3.3109 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(CIP)Tj
1.7802 0 Td
(\(40.4%\),)Tj
3.5319 0 Td
(corrobo-)Tj
-34.0495 -1.2982 Td
(rating)Tj
2.6021 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.6454 0 Td
(reports)Tj
3.067 0 Td
(showing)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(increased)Tj
3.9969 0 Td
(antimicrobial)Tj
5.6125 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(rates)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(bacteria)Tj
3.3732 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(broil-)Tj
-35.3478 -1.304 Td
(ers)Tj
1.3719 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(layers)Tj
2.5115 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(1)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.3719 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(pigs)Tj
1.8311 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(16)Tj
0 g
(])Tj
1.8539 0 Td
(treated)Tj
2.9933 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(third)Tj
2.211 0 Td
(generation)Tj
4.5071 0 Td
(cephalosporins.)Tj
-22.9208 -1.2982 Td
(The)Tj
1.7858 0 Td
(lowest)Tj
2.7382 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(rates)Tj
2.109 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(seen)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(against)Tj
3.0273 0 Td
(CAZ)Tj
2.1657 0 Td
(\(17.5%\),)Tj
3.5376 0 Td
(Amx/Clv)Tj
3.8834 0 Td
(\(14%\))Tj
2.6079 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(GM)Tj
1.8312 0 Td
(\(8.8%\))Tj
-34.8432 -1.2983 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(Table)Tj
2.7779 0 Td
(1)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
1.2642 0 Td
(All)Tj
1.3947 0 Td
(57)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(recovered)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
4.1442 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9978 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.5591 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(resistant)Tj
3.5829 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(CTF)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(\(MIC)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
2.4605 0 Td
()Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9921 0 Td
(8)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
0.6916 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g/mL\),)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(21%)Tj
1.9276 0 Td
(\(12/)Tj
-34.6958 -1.2983 Td
(57\))Tj
1.508 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(them)Tj
2.2903 0 Td
(showing)Tj
3.583 0 Td
(MIC)Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
2.1146 0 Td
()Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
0.9922 0 Td
(128)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
1.6441 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(g/mL)Tj
2.8799 0 Td
(\()Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(S3)Tj
1.5137 0 Td
(Table)Tj
0 g
(\).)Tj
3.0047 0 Td
(We)Tj
1.6101 0 Td
(observed)Tj
3.7984 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(perfect)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(agreement)Tj
4.4277 0 Td
(between)Tj
-33.9985 -1.3039 Td
(CFT)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(CTX)Tj
2.143 0 Td
(resistance.)Tj
4.3596 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(finding)Tj
3.1351 0 Td
(supports)Tj
3.6793 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(previous)Tj
3.6453 0 Td
(report)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(comparing)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
(MIC)Tj
2.1146 0 Td
(values)Tj
2.6702 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.4271 -1.2982 Td
(CFT)Tj
2.0182 0 Td
(versus)Tj
2.7212 0 Td
(other)Tj
2.3471 0 Td
(cephalosporins,)Tj
6.4573 0 Td
(including)Tj
4.0422 0 Td
(CAZ,)Tj
2.3924 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(118)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
1.6497 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.9922 0 Td
[()7()10()12()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
1.559 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(different)Tj
3.6567 0 Td
(food-producing)Tj
-31.0788 -1.2983 Td
(animals)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(17)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(Therefore,)Tj
4.388 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(use)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(CTX)Tj
2.1487 0 Td
(seems)Tj
2.6078 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(successful)Tj
4.1612 0 Td
(approach)Tj
3.9515 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(assess)Tj
2.5228 0 Td
(ceftiofur)Tj
-33.063 -1.3039 Td
(susceptibility)Tj
5.4368 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(enterobacteria.)Tj
6.1739 0 Td
(That)Tj
2.0919 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4548 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(special)Tj
2.8913 0 Td
(interest)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3889 0 Td
(investigations)Tj
5.7203 0 Td
(comparing)Tj
-32.5698 -1.2983 Td
(antimicrobial)Tj
5.6068 0 Td
(resistance)Tj
4.1329 0 Td
(between)Tj
3.532 0 Td
(isolates)Tj
3.1181 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(animal)Tj
2.965 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(human)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(sources.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
576 737.1 m
36 737.1 l
36 737.6 l
576 737.6 l
f*
36 741.2598 107.1496 23.6976 re
W* n
q
107.0929 0 0 23.6409 36 741.3165 cm
q
/I0 Do
Q
Q
Q
q
0 0 612 792 re
W* n
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 367.5401 745.7952 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(Ceftiofur)Tj
3.9331 0 Td
(in)Tj
0.9779 0 Td
(one-day)Tj
3.7701 0 Td
(chicks)Tj
2.9552 0 Td
(increases)Tj
4.422 0 Td
(ESBL-pr)Tj
3.7205 0 Td
(oducing)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
3.6568 0 Td
(E)Tj
/F0 1 Tf
(.)Tj
/F6 1 Tf
1.1551 0 Td
(coli)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
36 48.0002 m
576 48.0002 l
576 47.5002 l
36 47.5002 l
f*
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
81.5811 34.9228 m
237.8835 34.9228 l
h
f*
0 g
7.9999 0 0 7.9999 36 36 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.005 Tc
0 0 Td
(PLOS)Tj
2.8559 0 Td
(ONE)Tj
2.3669 0 Td
(|)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
0.4748 0 Td
(https://doi.or)Tj
5.4142 0 Td
(g/10.137)Tj
3.8198 0 Td
(1/journal.po)Tj
5.1236 0 Td
(ne.02031)Tj
4.089 0 Td
(58)Tj
0 g
2.0906 0 Td
(September)Tj
5.0386 0 Td
(11,)Tj
1.5874 0 Td
(2018)Tj
32.8255 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.7654 0 Td
(/)Tj
ET
endstream
endobj
58 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
59 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
60 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
61 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
63 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
64 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
65 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
66 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
67 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
68 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
69 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
70 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
71 0 obj
<>stream
endstream
endobj
72 0 obj
<>stream
BT
66.9477 0 Td
(9)Tj
ET
Q
endstream
endobj
73 0 obj
<>/XObject<>>>/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 14 0 R/Annots 77 0 R/Contents 78 0 R/TrimBox[0 0 612 792]>>
endobj
74 0 obj
<>
endobj
79 0 obj
<>stream
/CIDInit/ProcSet findresource begin
12 dict begin begincmap
/CMapName/Adobe-Identity-UCS def
/CIDSystemInfo<>def
/CMapType 2 def
1 begincodespacerange
<0000>
endcodespacerange
1 beginbfchar
<010C><03B2>
endbfchar
endcmap
CMapName currentdict /CMap defineresource pop end end
endstream
endobj
80 0 obj
<>/FontDescriptor 81 0 R/DW 250/W[268[495]]>>
endobj
81 0 obj
<>
endobj
82 0 obj
<>stream
cvt f6 fpgm2Msf bglyf&( head5@ 6hhea1 $hmtx&O